On aerosol detection in the upper layer of the Earth's atmosphere
| 1Morozhenko, OV, 1Vidmachenko, AP, 1Nevodovsky, PV 1Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2013, 29(5):57-63 |
| Start Page: Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies |
| Language: Russian |
Abstract: Aerosol layers exist in the upper atmospheres of Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and the Earth. The reason for their existence may be meteorites, rings, and removal of particles of planetary origin. Observations from 1979 to 1992 showed that the optical thickness of aerosol over the Earth’s polar regions changed from τ ≈ 0.0002 up to τ ≈ 0.1 for &lamda; = 1 μm. The greatest values of were in 1984 and 1992 and they were preceded by a strong volcanic activity of El Chichon (1982) and Pinatubo (1991). We show that the above-mentioned increase in the optical thickness of the stratosphere aerosol can lead to the ozone layer decrease detected in 1970. The stratospheric aerosol nature (real part of refractive index), effective particle size r and changing τ with latitude remain unsolved. Among distance methods for the determination of nr and r efficient is the analysis of the phase dependence of the polarization degree. The observational values of the intensity and polarization degree in visible light are due to optical properties of the surface and optical thickness of the atmosphere, the values of which vary with latitude, longitude and time. Therefore, it is impossible to identify accurately the stratospheric aerosol contribution. When observing in UV at &lamda; |
| Keywords: aerosol, atmosphere, Earth |
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