Activities of the Astronomical Observatory of Kharkiv University and its representatives during the German-Soviet war years (1941—1945)

Heading: 
Research in the History of Astronomy
1Balyshev, MA
1Central State Scientific and Technical Archives of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2022, 38(5):81-92
https://doi.org/10.15407/kfnt2022.05.081
Start Page: Research in the History of Astronomy
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract: 

A historical and scientific study has been carried out to elucidating the facts of the history of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory during the German-Soviet War years (1941—1945). The Kharkiv astronomy sustained heavy casualties: Professors O. I. Razdolsky, M. S. Sawron, S. M. Semiletov, research assistants G. L. Strashny, Y. M. Fadeev, V. O. Balansky, calculator L. M. Kostyrya were killed; representatives of Kharkiv astronomical youth gave their lives in the fight against the enemy: M. Azbel, F. Berezovsky, I. Tymoshenko, O. Ubiyvovk. The complex of observatory construction, a number of astronomical equipment and instruments were significantly damaged during the fighting. The specificities of the observatory functioning during the studied period had been documented, biographical information of the majority of the workers of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory in the period 1941—1945 had been found out. The stages of the observatory restoration after the liberation of Kharkiv from the invaders had been considered.
Keywords: astronomy during the German-Soviet War, Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory, Kharkiv University during the Nazzi occupation, scientific research during the evacuation

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