Dynamics of solar cosmic ray energetic spectra during the solar flare on January 20, 2005

Heading: 
1Fedorov, YI, 1Shakhov, BA, 1Kolesnyk, YL
1Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2015, 31(4):3-20
Start Page: Space Physics
Language: Russian
Abstract: 

The process of propagation in the interplanetary space of the cosmic rays accelerated during the solar flare on January 20, 2005 is investigated on the basis of kinetic equation. The instantaneous and prolonged particle injection in the interplanetary medium is considered. On the basis of analytical solution of the kinetic equation it was shown that under instantaneous particle injection the sharp increase of cosmic ray intensity on the Earth orbit occurs, whereas the cosmic ray density increases gradually in the case of the prolonged particle injection. The dynamics of solar cosmic ray energetic distribution was analyzed.

Keywords: cosmic rays, equation, solar flare
References: 

1.L. I. Dorman and L. I. Miroshnichenko, Solar Cosmic Rays (Nauka, Moscow, 1968; NASA, Washington, D.C., 1976).

2.I. N. Toptygin, Cosmic Rays in Interstellar Magnetic Fields (Nauka, Moscow, 1983) [in Russian].

3.Yu. I. Fedorov, “The propagation of solar cosmic rays in the interplanetary medium in the approximation of a radial regular magnetic field,” Geomagn. Aeron. 39, 16–23 (1999).

4.Yu. I. Fedorov, “Kinetic consideration of the energy spectra dynamics of solar cosmic rays,” Kinematika Fiz. Nebesnykh Tel 19, 307–327 (2003).

5.B. A. Shakhov, “Nonstationary Green function of kinetic transport equation for an isotropic source,” Kinematika Fiz. Nebesnykh Tel 11, 49–67 (1995).

6.B. A. Shakhov, Yu. I. Fedorov, Yu. V. Kyz’yurov, and S. F. Nosov, “The propagation of solar cosmic rays based on the analytical solution to the kinetic equation,” Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Fiz. 59, 48–51 (1995).

7.A. V. Belov, E. A. Eroshenko, H. Mavromichalaki, et al., “Ground level enhancement of the solar cosmic rays on January 20, 2005,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, Aug. 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, p. 189.

8.J. W. Bieber, J. Clem, P. A. Evenson, et al., “Largest GLE in half a century: Neutron monitor observations of the January 20, 2005 event,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, August 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, p. 237–240.

9.J. W. Bieber, J. Clem, P. Evenson, et al., “Giant ground level enhancement of relativistic solar protons on 2005 January 20. I. Spaceship Earth observations,” Astrophys. J. 771, 92 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/771/2/92

10.J. W. Bieber, W. Droge, P. A. Evenson, et al., “Energetic particle observation during the 2000 July 14 solar event,” Astrophys. J. 567, 622–634 (2002).
https://doi.org/10.1086/338246

11.D. J. Bombardieri, M. L. Duldig, J. E. Humble, and K. J. Michael, “An improved model for relativistic solar proton acceleration applied to the 2005 January 20 and earlier events,” Astrophys. J. 682, 1315–1327 (2008).
https://doi.org/10.1086/589494

12.W. Droge, “The rigidity dependence of solar particle scattering mean free path,” Astrophys. J. 527, 1073–1079 (2000).
https://doi.org/10.1086/309080

13.Yu. I. Fedorov, B. A. Shakhov, and M. Stehlik, “Non-diffusive transport of cosmic rays in homogeneous regular magnetic fields,” Astron. Astrophys. 302, 623–634 (1995).

14.Yu. I. Fedorov, M. Stehlik, K. Kudela, and J. Kassavicova, “Non-diffusive particle pulse transport: Application to an anisotropic GLE,” Sol. Phys. 208, 325–334 (2002).
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020581705981

15.E. O. Flückiger, R. Bütikofer, M. R. Moser, and L. Desorgher, “The cosmic ray ground level enhancement during the Forbush decrease in January 2005,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, Aug. 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, p. 225.

16.L. J. Glesson and W. I. Axford, “Cosmic rays in the interplanetary medium,” Astrophys. J. 149, L115–L118 (1967).
https://doi.org/10.1086/180070

17.R. Hatzky and G. Wibberenz, “Angular distributions of solar energetic particles and the nature of pitch angle scattering,” in Proc. 25th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Durban, July 30 — August 6, 1997, Ed. by M. S. Potgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt (Potchefstroom Univ., Transvaal, 1997), Vol. 1, pp. 273–276.

18.J. Kota, “Coherent pulses in the diffusive transport of charged particles,” Astrophys. J. 427, 1035–1040 (1994).
https://doi.org/10.1086/174209

19.S. N. Kuznetsov, V. G. Kurt, B. Yu. Yushkov, et al., “Proton accelerations during 20 January 2005 solar flare: Cononas-F observations of high-energy gamma emission and GLE,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, Aug. 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, p. 49.

20.L. I. Miroshnichenko, Solar Cosmic Rays (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2001).
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9646-6

21.C. Plainaki, A. Belov, E. Eroshenko, et al., “Modeling ground level enhancements: Event of 20 January 2005,” J. Geophys. Res. 112, A04102 (2007).
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011926

22.D. Ruffolo, “Effect of adiabatic deceleration on the focused transport of solar cosmic rays,” Astrophys. J. 442, 861–874 (1995).
https://doi.org/10.1086/175489

23.A. Saiz, D. Ruffolo, J. W. Bieber, and P. Evenson, “Modeling relativistic solar particles in the inner solar system during an extreme event,” in Proc. 32nd Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Beijing, Aug. 11–18, 2011 (Local Organizing Committee of ICRC, 2011), Vol. 10, pp. 212–215.

24.A. Saiz, D. Ruffolo, M. Fujiwarodom, et al., “Relativistic particle injection and interplanetary transport during the January 20, 2005 ground level enhancement,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, Aug. 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, pp. 229–232.

25.G. M. Simnett, “The timing of relativistic proton acceleration in the 20 January 2005 flare,” Astron. Astrophys. 445, 715–724 (2006).
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20053503

26.E. V. Vashenyuk, Yu. V. Balabin, B. B. Grozdevsky, et al., “Relativistic solar cosmic rays in January 20, 2005 event on the ground based observations,” in Proc. 29th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., Pune, India, Aug. 03–10, 2005 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2005), Vol. 1, pp. 209.