Seasonal changes on Jupiter. 2. The effect of Sun irradiation on the planet
| 1Vidmachenko, AP 1Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2016, 32(6):30-48 |
| Start Page: Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies |
| Language: Russian |
Abstract: Our investigation of changes in the character of Jupiter's visual brightness since 1850, indicating a much more pronounced effect of 22.3-year-old Hale magnetic cycle of solar activity on the processes occurring in the troposphere at the level of the upper edge of clouds formation. The maximum value of the Jupiter’s integral brightness is near the maximum of the solar cycle over the last 165 years of Wolfnumber (about 1957). The minimal estimates of the brightness were obtained in 1855, when in the solar cycle number 12 Wolf number was minimal. Investigation of reflection characteristics of Jupiter hemispheres in the visual region of spectrum in 1962-2015 showed brightness increasing in the alternately northern and southern tropical and temperate regions during of its revolution around the Sun. Such a brightness changing and the increased activity of the different planet's hemispheres may indicate that periodically restructuring the global atmospheric circulation system, the structure of cloud layers and above clouds haze. This indicates that the observed variations in the reflective properties of the Jupiter's latitudinal belts are associated with tilting of rotation axes of the planet and its magnetic field to the orbital plane; i. e. about the existence of seasonal reconstruction of the atmosphere. Comparison of the time dependence of activity factor Аj for Jupiter’s hemispheres in the visible spectrum with a change of solar activity’ index R, it shows that from 1962 to 1995, these parameters have changed almost simultaneously with some lag of reaction in the visible cloud layer of the planet's atmosphere on the Sun s irradiation mode. Analysis of the dependence of reflection characteristics of the Jupiter’s hemispheres shows the lag for -6 years, as a reaction to a 21% changing of irradiation of different hemispheres during the motion of the planet in its orbit. This value coincides with the value the radiative relaxation time of hydrogen-helium atmosphere in conditions of Jupiter. After 1997 has occurred discrepancy of their course. This can be explained by the influence of incoherent the mentioned causes on the planet's atmosphere. |
| Keywords: Jupiter, Jupiter's atmosphere, seasonal changes |
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