Electromagnetic coupling of geospheres. 1. Disturbances in the lower ionosphere
Heading:
| 1Chernogor, LF 1V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine |
| Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2025, 41(1):3-23 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/kfnt2025.01.003 |
| Мова: Ukrainian |
Анотація: The relevance of the paper is due to the fact that today there is no reliable and detailed substantiation of the electromagnetic mechanism subsystems coupling in the Earth (inner shells) — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. This mechanism can manifest itself during the action of high-energy sources of natural and man-made origin. Natural sources include weather fronts, thunderstorms, hurricanes (typhoons), volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, etc. All these natural processes can be accompanied by the generation of powerful electromagnetic radiation in the VLF range (~3...30 kHz). Such radiation is capable of interacting with the plasma of the lower ionosphere and causing a number of secondary geophysical processes. The purpose of the paper is to describe the results of a study of the electromagnetic mechanism of interaction between subsystems in the EAIM system. A single lightning strike in the daytime can lead to an increase in electron temperature by 60...44 times at altitudes of 60...80 km respectively. At night, a significant increase (60...50 times) in electron temperature is possible at altitudes of 80...95 km, respectively. Significant heating of electrons is the cause of the transparentization effect of the lower ionosphere plasma, which is accompanied by a decrease in the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at altitudes up to 80 km in the daytime. At night, on the contrary, at altitudes of 80...100 km, the effect of plasma turbidization occurs, accompanied by an increase in the absorption of electromagnetic radiation. A single lightning strike is not capable of leading to a noticeable disturbance in electron density and the dispersion of its fluctuations. A single lightning strike can cause minor (~0.01 nT) disturbances in the geomagnetic field and significant (~1 V/m) bursts in the solenoidal electric field. At a sufficiently high lightning frequency, a noticeable disturbance in electron density and the dispersion of its fluctuations can occur. In this case, the effect of accumulation of disturbances N and N2— can be observed. Significant disturbances in the parameters of the lower ionosphere can lead to the generation of secondary effects propagating to the magnetosphere and the magnetoconjugate region. |
| Ключові слова: electromagnetic radiation, electron density disturbance, electron heating, lightning, lower ionosphere, secondary effects |
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